Cell-tissue and molecular aspects of the development of premature ovarian failure in autoimmune oophoritis

Dmitrieva M.L., Tikhonovskaya O.A., Logvinov S.V.

Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Tomsk
Objective. To carry out a systems analysis of the data available in the current literature on the problem of premature ovarian failure of autoimmune origin.
Material and methods. The review includes the data of foreign and Russian articles found in Pubmed on this topic, which have made a significant contribution to an understanding of the problem, as well as those published in the past 10 years.
Results. Autoimmune oophoritis is not a nosological entity; however, it is an important component of etiopathogenesis in the development of ovarian failure and infertility. The morphological pattern of the abnormality has been investigated and histopathological criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune ovarian inflammation have been formulated in the studies available for analysis. The serological marker of the abnormality in autoimmune oophoritis has been identified; this is the level of antiovarian antibodies, which is currently the only noninvasive diagnostic criterion for this pathology. Doubts remain about the diagnostic specificity of antiovarian antibodies in premature ovarian failure of autoimmune etiology, the concentration of which reaches the significant value just in irreversible damage to the steroid-synthesizing ovarian structures and therefore is not an early marker of the pathology. Attempts have been made to determine the role of immunocompetent cells as a primary component of pathogenesis. In addition, studies have been conducted to determine the importance of autoimmune ovarian damage in assisted reproductive technology programs.
Conclusion. The mechanism of premature ovarian failure of autoimmune etiology remains only fragmentally studied; there is no holistic view of the onset of the pathology. In addition, early markers have not been revealed in the diagnosis of autoimmune ovarian damage for the timely initiation of therapy. Disclosure of the immune mechanisms of autoimmune oophoritis can provide an opportunity to prevent irreversible changes in the reproductive potential and steroidogenesis and enhance the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology programs.

Keywords

autoimmune oophoritis
premature ovarian failure
antiovarian antibodies
model
assisted reproductive technologies

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Received 19.07.2017

Accepted 22.09.2017

About the Authors

Dmitrieva Margarita Leonidovna, Candidate of Medicine, Assistant of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Siberian State Medical University.
634050, Russia, Tomsk, Moscowski Trakt str. 2. Tel.: +79138450475. E-mail: margarita0708@yandex.ru. orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-9424
Tikhonovskaya Olga Anatolyevna, Doctor of Medicine, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Siberian State Medical University.
634050, Russia, Tomsk, Moscowski Trakt str. 2. Tel.: +73822901101, ext. 1736. E-mail: tikhonovskaya2012@mail.ru. orcid.org/0000-0003-4309-5831
Logvinov Sergey Valentinovich, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology Siberian State Medical University
634050, Russia, Tomsk, Moscowski Trakt str. 2. Tel.: +73822901101, ext. 1929. E-mail: S_Logvinov@mail.ru. orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-6957

For citations: Dmitrieva M.L., Tikhonovskaya O.A., Logvinov S.V. Cell-tissue and molecular aspects of the development of premature ovarian failure in autoimmune oophoritis.
Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya/Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2018; (5): 30-5. (in Russian)
https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/aig.2018.5.30-35

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